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Related Concept Videos

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Updated: May 21, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Published on: June 25, 2019

Accent processing in dementia.

Julia C Hailstone1, Gerard R Ridgway, Jonathan W Bartlett

  • 1Dementia Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.

Neuropsychologia
|June 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA) show impaired non-native accent processing. These deficits, particularly in PNFA, highlight challenges in understanding accented speech in neurodegenerative conditions.

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Processing non-native accents is challenging and poorly understood in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Accented speech provides nonverbal cues and requires decoding non-canonical auditory signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate non-native English accent processing in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA).
  • Determine the neuroanatomical basis of accent processing deficits in AD.

Main Methods:

  • Compared accent comprehension and recognition in AD (n=20), PNFA (n=6), and healthy controls (n=35).
  • Utilized a novel accent assessment battery and general neuropsychological testing.
  • Performed voxel-based morphometry on MRI scans of AD patients to identify brain-behavior associations.

Main Results:

  • Both AD and PNFA groups exhibited deficits in recognizing non-native accents compared to controls.
  • PNFA patients showed reduced comprehension of internationally accented words.
  • Individual deficits were more consistent in PNFA, with distinct patterns of impairment (sentences vs. words) between AD and PNFA.
  • Grey matter reductions in the anterior superior temporal lobe correlated with accent processing in AD.

Conclusions:

  • Accent processing deficits may serve as indicators of neurodegenerative disease.
  • These findings have implications for understanding communication challenges in neurodegenerative conditions, especially under difficult listening circumstances.