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Budding of Enveloped Viruses: Interferon-Induced ISG15-Antivirus Mechanisms Targeting the Release Process

Eun Joo Seo1, Jonathan Leis

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ward 4-065, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

Advances in Virology
|June 6, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Pathogenic viruses use host cell membranes for replication and release via budding. Innate immunity targets this viral membrane scission process to prevent the spread of enveloped viruses.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Pathogenic viruses infecting humans acquire an outer membrane from the host cell.
  • Viral replication concludes with a budding process, necessitating host-viral membrane scission for release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding how innate immunity targets the membrane scission process during enveloped virus release.

Main Methods:

  • This paper reviews current literature and research findings.
  • Focuses on the mechanisms of innate immune surveillance and intervention.

Main Results:

  • Membrane scission is a critical, yet vulnerable, step in the enveloped virus life cycle.
  • Innate immunity has evolved mechanisms to recognize and disrupt this process, limiting viral spread.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the cell/viral membrane scission event is a promising strategy for controlling enveloped virus infections.
  • Further research into these innate immune mechanisms could lead to novel antiviral therapies.

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