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Published on: October 10, 2025
[Factors associated with preterm birth in Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil: a case-control study]
Paula Lisiane Assunção1, Hillegonda Maria Dutilh Novaes, Gizelton Pereira Alencar
1Departamento de Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Brasil. pllisiane@gmail.com
Insights
Preterm birth risk factors include prior preterm birth, maternal age, inadequate prenatal care, and hypertension. Multiple gestation posed the highest risk, while socioeconomic factors were not significant predictors in this Brazilian study.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Abstract:
A case-control study (2008-2009) analyzed risk factors for preterm birth in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba State, Brazil. A total of 341 preterm births and 424 controls were included. A multiple logistic regression model was used. Risk factors for preterm birth were: previous history of preterm birth (OR = 2.32; 95%CI: 1.25-4.29), maternal age (OR = 2.00; 95%CI: 1.00-4.03), inadequate prenatal care (OR = 2.15; 95%CI: 1.40-3.27), inadequate maternal weight gain (OR = 2.33; 95%CI: 1.45-3.75), maternal physical injury (OR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.22-3.60), hypertension with eclampsia (OR = 17.08; 95%CI: 3.67-79.43) and without eclampsia (OR = 6.42; 95%CI: 3.50-11.76), hospitalization (OR = 5.64; 95%CI: 3.47-9.15), altered amniotic fluid volume (OR = 2.28; 95%CI: 1.32-3.95), vaginal bleeding (OR = 1.54; 95%CI: 1.01-2.34), and multiple gestation (OR = 22.65; 95%CI: 6.22-82.46). High and homogeneous prevalence of poverty and low maternal schooling among both cases and controls may have contributed to the fact that socioeconomic variables did not remain significantly associated with preterm birth.
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