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[Accommodation function of the eye in cosmonauts]
Kosmicheskaia Biologiia I Aviakosmicheskaia Meditsina
|September 1, 1990
Summary
Astronauts experienced eye fatigue and reduced accommodation after spaceflight, impacting visual function. Prophylaxis and optic correction are recommended for maintaining visual work capacity during and after missions.
Area of Science:
- Space Medicine
- Ophthalmology
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Spaceflight poses unique challenges to human physiology, including visual function.
- Assessing the impact of space missions on the visual system is crucial for astronaut health and performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of spaceflight on the accommodation function and visual performance of cosmonauts.
- To identify changes in visual capabilities before, during, and after space missions.
Main Methods:
- Ophthalmoergometry was used to assess accommodation function pre- and post-flight.
- Proximetric measurements were conducted during spaceflight using routine methods.
- Comprehensive medical examinations were performed on cosmonauts.
Main Results:
- Key visual functions remained adequate post-flight, but eye fatigue was noted.
- Factors contributing to fatigue included visual load and task complexity.
- A decrease in accommodation range and both central and peripheral visual fatigue were observed.
- These visual changes persisted for several days after flight.
Conclusions:
- Cosmonauts may experience temporary visual impairments, including reduced accommodation and eye fatigue, after spaceflight.
- Optic correction is advised for crewmembers with pre-existing or flight-induced inadequate accommodation.
- Preventive measures against eye fatigue are essential for sustaining visual work capacity in space.