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Sex differences in cognitive abilities: a cross-cultural perspective
V A Mann1, S Sasanuma, N Sakuma
1Department of Cognitive Sciences, School of Social Sciences, University of California, Irvine 92651.
Abstract:
Studies in Western cultures have indicated significant sex differences in certain cognitive abilities. To determine whether similar differences occur in a non-Western culture, this study administered a cross-linguistic battery of tests to high school students in Japan and America. In both cultures, girls averaged significantly higher scores on a Story Recall test, the Digit-Symbol test and a Word Fluency test whereas boys achieved significantly higher scores on a Mental Rotation test. The analysis of standardized test scores further indicated that the size of the sex difference was culture-independent in three out of these four cases. These results are discussed in the context of the GESCHWIND and GALABURDA [Cerebral Lateralization, Biological Mechanisms, Associations and Pathology, Bradford Books, Cambridge, Massachusetts] account of the contribution of testosterone to left-right asymmetries in early cerebral development.
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