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Maternal supplementation and bone growth in infancy.

J H Himes1, L E Caulfield, R Martorell

  • 1Division of Human Development and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.

Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
|October 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Maternal nutritional supplements during pregnancy and lactation positively impact infant bone growth. Vitamin A supplementation shows promise for preventing infant osteopenia.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Pediatric Health
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Maternal nutrition significantly influences infant development and long-term health.
  • Bone health in infancy is crucial for skeletal development and can be affected by early-life nutrition.
  • Osteopenia in infancy is a concern that may be preventable through targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of maternal nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and lactation on infant bone growth.
  • To identify specific nutrients responsible for observed effects on infant bone development.
  • To explore potential nutritional strategies for preventing osteopenia in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Study involved 272 mother-infant pairs in the Guatemalan Longitudinal Study of Nutritional Supplementation, Growth and Development.

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  • Infant bone growth was assessed using second metacarpal dimensions from hand-wrist radiographs at 3 months of age.
  • Multiple regression analyses were employed to determine the effects of maternal supplementation on bone dimensions.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant effects of maternal supplementation on cortical bone dimensions were observed, correlating with supplement intake volume.
    • These effects were independent of maternal characteristics, infant gender, size, gestational age, and morbidity.
    • Protein, energy, calcium, and phosphorus were ruled out as primary drivers; vitamin A, ascorbic acid, niacin, thiamin, iron, or fluorine are candidate nutrients, with vitamin A being a strong possibility.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and lactation can positively influence infant bone growth.
    • Vitamin A supplementation is a potential key nutrient for promoting infant bone health and preventing osteopenia.
    • Nutritional interventions in pregnancy and early postpartum periods offer a strategy to improve infant skeletal development.