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Defining and applying a functionality approach to intellectual disability.

R Luckasson1, R L Schalock

  • 1Department of Educational Specialties, Special Education Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research : JIDR
|June 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new functionality approach enhances understanding of human functioning in intellectual disability (ID). This holistic model improves clinical practices, supports, and outcomes evaluation for individuals with ID.

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Area of Science:

  • Disability Studies
  • Intellectual Disability Research
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Current functional models of disability inadequately reflect recent advancements in understanding human functioning.
  • There's a need to apply the human functioning construct to clinical practice, professional roles, and outcome assessments in intellectual disability (ID).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel functionality approach for understanding human functioning in intellectual disability (ID).
  • To integrate human functioning dimensions, systems of supports, and outcomes evaluation within a systems perspective.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized current literature on human functioning dimensions, support systems, and outcomes evaluation for individuals with ID.
  • Developed a "functionality approach" emphasizing a systems perspective for human functioning in ID.

Main Results:

  • Detailed application of the functionality approach to clinical functions including ID definition, assessment, classification, support planning, and outcomes evaluation.
  • Discussed the impact of this functionality approach on professional practices within the field of ID.

Conclusions:

  • The functionality approach promotes an integrated view of human functioning, a unified language, and aligned clinical functions.
  • It encourages evidence-based practices, adopts a holistic perspective on individuals' lives, and can improve support provision and evaluation in ID.