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Related Concept Videos

Direct Motor Pathways01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
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Anatomical Movements00:51

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

In Vivo Wireless Optogenetic Control of Skilled Motor Behavior
07:52

In Vivo Wireless Optogenetic Control of Skilled Motor Behavior

Published on: November 22, 2021

Goal-directed aimed movements with path obstructions.

Errol R Hoffmann1, Ilyas H Sheikh

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. erroldot@tpg.com.au

Ergonomics
|June 9, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Movement times for obstacle navigation were quantified. Component movement times could be added, differing from direct movements with targets, and were predictable by movement amplitude or Fitts

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Area of Science:

  • Human motor control
  • Biomechanics
  • Movement science

Background:

  • Many real-world movements, especially to inaccessible locations, require navigating around obstacles.
  • Previous research has focused on movements with direct paths or intervening targets.
  • Understanding movement times for obstacle avoidance is crucial for fields like robotics and ergonomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify movement times for multi-component movements around obstacles.
  • To determine if component movement times interact or can be simply added.
  • To compare movement time characteristics with and without intervening targets.

Main Methods:

  • Seven experiments involving participants performing multi-component movements around obstacles without stopping points.
  • Analysis of movement times for ballistic and visually controlled components.
  • Comparison of results with existing data for movements involving intervening targets.

Main Results:

  • Component movement times for obstacle navigation did not interact and could be added.
  • Ballistic movement time correlated linearly with the square root of movement amplitude.
  • Visually controlled movement time related to Fitts' Index of Difficulty based on amplitude and target size.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a different model for movement time summation when navigating obstacles compared to movements with targets.
  • Movement times for obstacle avoidance can be predicted based on movement parameters and obstacle characteristics.
  • The movement integration hypothesis, valid for movements with targets, does not apply to these obstacle-avoidance movements.