A comparative study on endoscopy treatment in rectal carcinoid tumors

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Oncology
• Endoscopic Procedures

Background:

• Rectal carcinoid tumors are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms.
• Endoscopic resection is a primary treatment modality for small rectal carcinoid tumors.
• Evaluating different endoscopic techniques is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy and safety of three endoscopic resection methods for rectal carcinoid tumors.
• To identify the optimal endoscopic technique based on resection rates, operative time, and complications.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 30 patients with rectal carcinoid tumors (<1 cm).
• Comparison of conventional endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), cap-assisted EMR (EMR-C), and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
• Evaluation of one-time complete resection rates, surgical duration, and complication incidence.

Main Results:

• EMR-C and ESD achieved 100% one-time complete resection rates, compared to 80% for conventional EMR.
• Surgical times were significantly shorter for EMR-C (4-7 minutes) compared to conventional EMR (5-53 minutes) and ESD (16-35 minutes).
• No recurrent or metastatic cases were observed during the follow-up period.

Conclusions:

• Endoscopic resection is a safe and effective treatment for rectal carcinoid tumors under 1 cm.
• EMR-C presents a favorable balance of high efficacy, reduced operative time, and low complication rates.
• EMR-C is suggested as the preferred endoscopic method for selected rectal carcinoid tumors.