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Volkmann ischemic contracture in a newborn.

Marta Rios¹, Cristiana Ribeiro, Paula Soares

¹Neonatology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Maternidade Júlio Dinis, Porto, Portugal. martariospinho@gmail.com

BMJ Case Reports

|June 9, 2012

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Congenital Volkmann ischemic contracture, a rare neonatal condition, causes limb damage from increased pressure. Early fasciotomy and physiotherapy are crucial for improving prognosis and limb function.

Area of Science:

Neonatal care
Pediatric orthopedics
Vascular surgery

Background:

Congenital Volkmann ischemic contracture (CVIC) is an exceptionally rare neonatal condition.
It involves skin, muscle, and nerve damage due to elevated intracompartment pressure, likely from intrauterine compression.
Fewer than 50 cases have been reported globally, with an unknown specific etiology.

Observation:

The case details a newborn presenting with congenital forearm lesions, including bullous and ulcerated skin, and nerve palsy at birth.
The condition progressed to subcutaneous and muscular necrosis, ultimately leading to contracture.
The infant underwent two surgical interventions.

Findings:

A daily physiotherapy regimen was initiated post-surgery.

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Significant aesthetical improvement was observed.

Recovery of hand and forearm mobility was achieved through the treatment plan.

Implications:

Early identification of CVIC is critical for timely intervention.
Emergency fasciotomy is the primary surgical treatment to decompress the affected compartment.
Prompt management can significantly enhance the prognosis and functional recovery in affected neonates.