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Updated: May 21, 2026

Technical Refinement of a Bilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Mouse Model for Acute Kidney Injury Research
Published on: November 3, 2023
Hair dye related acute kidney injury--a clinical and experimental study
Yanala Sandeep Reddy1, Shaik Abbdul Nabi, Chippada Apparao
1Department of Nephrology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India.
Abstract:
We studied paraphenylenediamine (PPD)-related acute kidney injury (AKI) in 81 patients and also in albino rats experimentally. In the patients' group AKI was found in 32.7%. Of them, 81.4% needed dialysis support. The overall mortality was 25.9%. In experimental rats the renal lesions were noted in all and they were glomerular congestion, intertubular (interstitial) hemorrhages, acute tubular necrosis, mesangial proliferation, and intratubular casts. The severity of renal injury appears to be dose dependent.
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