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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
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Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

Perceiving affordances in rugby union.

Pedro Passos1, Rita Cordovil, Orlando Fernandes

  • 1Faculty of Human Kinetics, CIPER - Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance, Technical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal. ppassos@fmh.utl.pt

Journal of Sports Sciences
|June 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary

In competitive sports, players adapt decisions based on others' behavior and environmental cues. Understanding these affordances, like player proximity and sideline distance, is key for effective action selection.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Motor Control
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Athletes must constantly adapt decisions to dynamic environments and opponent actions.
  • Contextual information (e.g., coach instructions, environmental variables) guides player choices.
  • Understanding how kinematic variables influence action possibilities is crucial for performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the affordances available to a ball carrier in response to changing kinematic variables.
  • To determine how interpersonal distances and distances to the sideline affect decision-making.
  • To analyze the influence of contextual information on action selection (passing vs. advancing).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of kinematic variables (interpersonal distances, sideline proximity) in game-like scenarios.
  • Observation of ball carrier decisions in relation to these changing variables.
  • Identification of specific contextual factors influencing action choices.

Main Results:

  • Ball carriers prioritized passing when tacklers were farther from the sideline.
  • Tackler approach velocity had minimal impact on the decision to pass.
  • Variability in sideline distance significantly influenced forward movement decisions.

Conclusions:

  • Athletes perceive and utilize affordances defined by kinematic variables for decision-making.
  • Environmental context, particularly proximity to boundaries, plays a critical role in action selection.
  • Awareness of dynamically available affordances is essential for optimal performance in competitive settings.