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Protocols for Investigating the Host-tissue Distribution, Transmission-mode, and Effect on the Host Fitness of a Densovirus in the Cotton Bollworm

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Viruses in artichoke.

Donato Gallitelli¹, Tiziana Mascia, Giovanni P Martelli

¹Dipartimento di Biologia e Chimica Agroforestale ed Ambientale, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.

Advances in Virus Research

|June 12, 2012

Summary

Globe artichoke and cardoon viruses, often symptomless, spread easily through vegetative propagation. Virus-free stocks and advanced diagnostics are key for crop health and productivity.

Area of Science:

Plant Virology
Horticultural Science
Crop Protection

Background:

Globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) and cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) are susceptible to over 25 viruses, primarily in Europe and the Mediterranean basin.
These viral infections often cause symptomless conditions, facilitating the spread of infected plant material through vegetative propagation without effective virus-free selection.
Reduced crop productivity and quality are significant economic impacts of these viral diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the main properties of viruses affecting globe artichoke and cardoon.
To discuss current and emerging techniques for virus detection and identification in these crops.
To highlight effective control strategies for managing viral diseases in artichoke and cardoon.

Main Methods:

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Review of scientific literature on viruses in globe artichoke and cardoon.
Analysis of diagnostic techniques including Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and nucleic acid-based methods.
Evaluation of control strategies, focusing on virus-free stock production and plant regeneration techniques.

Main Results:

Nucleic acid-based diagnostic reagents have shown success in identifying viruses in artichoke sap.
ELISA kits, while available, are underutilized for virus detection in artichoke.
A combined approach of meristem-tip culture and thermotherapy effectively produced virus-free regenerants of the 'Brindisino' cultivar, maintaining desirable horticultural traits.

Conclusions:

Effective management of globe artichoke and cardoon viruses relies on accurate diagnostics and the use of virus-free planting material.
Nucleic acid-based diagnostics offer a promising avenue for reliable virus identification in these crops.
Advanced propagation techniques like meristem-tip culture combined with thermotherapy are crucial for producing healthy, productive plants and preserving cultivar characteristics.