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Association of residential segregation and disability: a multilevel study using Iranian census data
Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari1, Mahmood Mahmoodi, Mohammad-Ali Mansournia
1Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, Tehran, Iran. saeedh_1999@yahoo.com
Summary
Residential segregation by occupation, sex, and motorcycle ownership is linked to lower disability rates. Conversely, age and housing ownership segregation correlate with increased disability. This study examines segregation
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Urban Studies
Background:
- Existing literature on segregation and health primarily focuses on racial segregation in Western countries.
- The health impacts of residential segregation based on socioeconomic and demographic factors in non-Western, developing nations remain under-explored.
- Residential environment characteristics significantly influence socioeconomic status and health outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a multilevel analysis of residential segregation concerning socioeconomic and demographic factors and its association with disability rates.
- To investigate the effects of residential segregation on disability in an Eastern developing country, specifically Iran.
- To explore how segregation in aspects beyond race impacts health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 2006 Iranian national census.
- Employed multilevel analysis to examine segregation indices and disability rates.
- Applied information theory index and its ordinal form to measure the evenness of segregation for categorical and ordinal variables.
Main Results:
- Segregation by occupation type, sex, and motorcycle ownership was associated with lower individual disability rates.
- Segregation by age and house ownership showed a positive association with individual disability rates.
- Most segregation indices demonstrated similar effects on family disability rates as observed for individual disability.
Conclusions:
- Residential segregation based on various social and demographic characteristics has differential effects on disability rates.
- The study highlights the importance of considering non-racial segregation dimensions in understanding health outcome inequalities.
- Findings suggest that targeted interventions addressing specific segregation patterns may be necessary to reduce disability disparities.
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