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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease.

Manuela G Neuman1, Radu M Nanau

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology, MaRS, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. manuela.neuman@utoronto.ca

Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
|June 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic and environmental factors contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This review examines specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms that influence susceptibility or protection against IBD.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, arises from dysregulated immune responses.
  • Complex interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental triggers are implicated in IBD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current evidence on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with IBD.
  • To highlight SNPs that confer susceptibility or a protective effect against the development of IBD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of genetic association studies.
  • Analysis of published data on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and their link to IBD.

Main Results:

  • Several specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified with significant associations with IBD.
  • These SNPs demonstrate varying effects, acting as either risk factors or protective elements.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variations, specifically single-nucleotide polymorphisms, play a crucial role in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Understanding these genetic factors is vital for advancing IBD research and potential therapeutic strategies.