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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...

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Inflammatory bowel disease and pregnancy: overlapping pathways.

Noha Ahmed Nasef1, Lynnette R Ferguson

  • 1Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
|June 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes like preterm birth. This review explores immune pathways and inflammation in IBD and pregnancy to understand preterm birth risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Growing evidence links inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with adverse pregnancy outcomes, notably preterm birth.
  • The precise biological mechanisms connecting IBD and pregnancy complications remain incompletely understood.
  • Shared inflammatory and immune pathways may underlie the observed associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunological and inflammatory mechanisms potentially linking IBD and pregnancy.
  • To explore the roles of T helper cells, human leukocyte antigens, and inflammasome pathways.
  • To examine the involvement of prostaglandins and Toll-like/NOD-like receptors in IBD and pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on immunological and inflammatory processes in IBD and pregnancy.
  • Analysis of shared pathways including T helper cell subsets and antigen presentation.
  • Examination of the roles of key inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins and receptor systems (TLRs, NLRs).

Main Results:

  • T helper cells, human leukocyte antigens, and inflammatory mediators are implicated in both IBD pathogenesis and pregnancy.
  • Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs) play critical roles in regulating inflammatory responses relevant to both conditions.
  • Prostaglandins are crucial in inflammation and labor, potentially linking IBD-related inflammation to preterm birth.

Conclusions:

  • Immune dysregulation and inflammation are central to the association between IBD and preterm birth.
  • Understanding these shared pathways is crucial for managing IBD during pregnancy.
  • Further research into the safety and efficacy of IBD treatments during pregnancy is warranted, focusing on preterm birth risk.