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Updated: May 21, 2026

Cell Surface Marker Mediated Purification of iPS Cell Intermediates from a Reprogrammable Mouse Model
Published on: September 6, 2014
The elite and stochastic model for iPS cell generation: multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells are
Shohei Wakao1, Masaaki Kitada, Mari Dezawa
1Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
Abstract:
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have attracted a great deal of attention, although the mechanism by which they are generated is still not fully understood. Currently, two theories, the stochastic and elite models, have been proposed. Some reports provide theoretical support for the stochastic model. Other reports, however, support the elite model. For example, some human fibroblasts, such as Multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells, are reported to be pluripotent and a primary source of iPS cells. Thus, the mechanism of iPS cell generation continues to be debated. In this review, we discuss the properties of the original cell source, such as the components of the original populations and the potential of each population to become iPS cells, and further discuss the implications of the two theories for iPS cell research.
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