Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: May 21, 2026

Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference (NPD)
Published on: September 13, 2018
Andrew J Sandford1, Deepti Malhotra, H Marike Boezen
1UBC James Hogg Research Centre, Providence Heart + Lung Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. andrew.sandford@hli.ubc.ca
Genetic variations in the Nuclear Erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway do not appear to influence the rate of lung function decline in smokers. This study found no consistent replication of initial associations in a second cohort.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: