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Related Experiment Videos

Born too small--is outcome still affected?

J M Hawdon1, E Hey, I Kolvin

  • 1University of Newcastle upon Tyne.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|November 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Biology of the neonate·2006

Boys with low birth weight showed no differences in intelligence or school achievement compared to controls. However, some attention deficit disorder features correlated with birth weight deviation, possibly mitigated by social class matching and improved perinatal care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with potential long-term developmental challenges.
  • Previous studies suggest negative outcomes for light-for-dates boys, potentially confounded by environmental factors.
  • Understanding the impact of LBW requires controlling for socioeconomic and perinatal influences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term cognitive and academic outcomes of boys with birth weight below the 2nd centile.
  • To investigate the relationship between birth weight deviation and behavioral characteristics, including attention deficit disorder.
  • To evaluate the role of social class matching and improved perinatal care in mitigating LBW sequelae.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal cohort study comparing boys weighing below the 2nd centile at birth (1973-1974) with matched controls at 10-11 years of age.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exclusion of two profoundly disabled infants from the low birth weight group prior to assessment.
  • Assessment of intelligence, school achievement, temperament, and behavior using standardized tests.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences were found in intelligence or school achievement between the low birth weight and control groups after exclusions.
    • A correlation was observed between features of attention deficit disorder and the degree of birth weight deviation from normal.
    • Social class matching appeared to neutralize environmental influences previously linked to poor outcomes in light-for-dates children.

    Conclusions:

    • Low birth weight itself, when controlling for social class and excluding severe disabilities, does not appear to impact intelligence or academic achievement.
    • Behavioral correlates, such as attention deficit disorder symptoms, may persist and are linked to the extent of birth weight deviation.
    • Improved perinatal care and socioeconomic matching are crucial protective factors for the long-term development of infants with low birth weight.