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Related Concept Videos

Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...
Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content02:33

Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content

Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
Distribution of cytoplasmic determinants
The cytoplasm contains various organelles, as well as salts, proteins, and water. The distribution of small...
Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content02:33

Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content

Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
Distribution of cytoplasmic determinants
The cytoplasm contains various organelles, as well as salts, proteins, and water. The distribution of small...
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans
08:47

Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: July 5, 2019

Analytical tools for characterizing heterogeneity in organelle content.

Robbyn K Anand1, Daniel T Chiu

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1700, USA.

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|June 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Understanding subcellular organelle variation is key to cell fate and disease. New analytical tools offer high-throughput methods to probe these differences, advancing medical therapies.

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans
08:47

Quantitative Approaches for Studying Cellular Structures and Organelle Morphology in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: July 5, 2019

A high-throughput method to globally study the organelle morphology in S. cerevisiae
07:29

A high-throughput method to globally study the organelle morphology in S. cerevisiae

Published on: March 2, 2009

Multicolor Flow Cytometry-based Quantification of Mitochondria and Lysosomes in T Cells
06:22

Multicolor Flow Cytometry-based Quantification of Mitochondria and Lysosomes in T Cells

Published on: January 9, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Subcellular organelle heterogeneity impacts cell fate, function, and response to stimuli like oxidative stress and drugs.
  • Variations exist at both intercellular and intracellular levels, affecting normal and disease states.
  • Characterizing organelle differences is crucial for medical advancements, including targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review analytical techniques for probing subcellular heterogeneity.
  • To highlight methods for high-throughput analysis of individual intact organelles and lysates.
  • To discuss the potential of droplet microfluidics in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of analytical techniques for single organelle interrogation.
  • Discussion of high-throughput methods including nanoscale fluorescence-activated subcellular sorters.
  • Exploration of capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection.
  • Highlighting droplet microfluidics for subcellular analysis.

Main Results:

  • Various analytical tools exist to characterize organelle heterogeneity.
  • High-throughput methods enable detailed analysis of individual organelles.
  • Droplet microfluidics presents promising advantages for probing subcellular variations.

Conclusions:

  • Analytical techniques are essential for understanding subcellular heterogeneity.
  • Advancements in analytical tools can lead to novel medical insights and therapies.
  • Further exploration of techniques like droplet microfluidics is warranted.