MRI of the lung (2/3). Why … when … how?
Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026
Three-Dimensional Phase Resolved Functional Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Published on: June 21, 2024
1University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, Haus 23, 24105, Kiel, Germany, juergen.biederer@rad.uni-kiel.de.
Background:
Among the modalities for lung imaging, proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the latest to be introduced into clinical practice. Its value to replace X-ray and computed tomography (CT) when radiation exposure or iodinated contrast material is contra-indicated is well acknowledged: i.e. for paediatric patients and pregnant women or for scientific use. One of the reasons why MRI of the lung is still rarely used, except in a few centres, is the lack of consistent protocols customised to clinical needs.
Methods:
This article makes non-vendor-specific protocol suggestions for general use with state-of-the-art MRI scanners, based on the available literature and a consensus discussion within a panel of experts experienced in lung MRI.
Results:
Various sequences have been successfully tested within scientific or clinical environments. MRI of the lung with appropriate combinations of these sequences comprises morphological and functional imaging aspects in a single examination. It serves in difficult clinical problems encountered in daily routine, such as assessment of the mediastinum and chest wall, and even might challenge molecular imaging techniques in the near future.
Conclusion:
This article helps new users to implement appropriate protocols on their own MRI platforms. Main Messages • MRI of the lung can be readily performed on state-of-the-art 1.5-T MRI scanners. • Protocol suggestions based on the available literature facilitate its use for routine • MRI offers solutions for complicated thoracic masses with atelectasis and chest wall invasion. • MRI is an option for paediatrics and science when CT is contra-indicated.
Insights
Proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers a valuable alternative to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) for lung imaging, especially when radiation is a concern. This study provides standardized MRI lung imaging protocols to improve its clinical application.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Radiology
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Proton magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an emerging modality for lung imaging.
- Its utility is recognized as an alternative to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) in specific patient populations, including pediatric and pregnant individuals, or for scientific research where radiation exposure or iodinated contrast agents are contraindicated.
- Limited adoption of lung MRI is attributed to the absence of standardized, clinically tailored protocols.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide non-vendor-specific protocol suggestions for lung MRI on state-of-the-art MRI scanners.
- To facilitate the wider clinical implementation of lung MRI by offering guidance based on current literature and expert consensus.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive review of existing literature on lung MRI techniques.
- Consensus discussion among experienced lung MRI experts to refine protocol suggestions.
- Development of protocol recommendations applicable to standard 1.5-T MRI systems.
Main Results:
- Successful testing of various MRI sequences in both scientific and clinical settings.
- Lung MRI examinations can integrate both morphological and functional imaging capabilities.
- Demonstrated efficacy in addressing complex clinical scenarios, including mediastinal and chest wall assessments.
Conclusions:
- The provided protocols enable new users to implement lung MRI on their MRI platforms.
- Lung MRI is feasible on modern 1.5-T MRI scanners.
- Standardized protocols enhance the routine use of lung MRI, offering solutions for challenging thoracic conditions and serving as a vital tool for pediatric and scientific applications when CT is contraindicated.
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