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Dual Extracellular Recordings in the Mouse Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

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Paliperidone palmitate for schizophrenia.

Abraham M Nussbaum¹, T S Stroup

¹Behavioural Health Service, Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA. abraham.nussbaum@dhha.org.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

|June 15, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Paliperidone palmitate, an antipsychotic, demonstrates greater efficacy than placebo in short-term schizophrenia trials, with comparable tolerability to risperidone long-acting injection. Adverse effects include weight gain and elevated prolactin levels.

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Pharmacology
Clinical Trials

Background:

Paliperidone palmitate is a long-acting injectable antipsychotic for schizophrenia.
It is an active metabolite of risperidone, also available orally.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare paliperidone palmitate with other treatments for schizophrenia.
Evaluate efficacy and adverse effects against placebo and risperidone long-acting injection.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Data extracted and analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis.
Calculated risk ratios (RR), confidence intervals (CI), and number needed to benefit/harm (NNB/H).

Main Results:

Paliperidone palmitate showed improved efficacy over placebo, reducing early study withdrawal, improving global state, and decreasing psychosis recurrence.
Associated with fewer reports of agitation/aggression and reduced need for anxiolytic medication.
Significant increase in serum prolactin and weight gain observed; no evidence of sexual dysfunction in short-term trials.
Compared to risperidone long-acting injection, no significant differences in study withdrawal or psychosis recurrence were found.
Fewer participants receiving paliperidone palmitate required anticholinergic medication.

Conclusions:

Paliperidone palmitate is more efficacious than placebo in short-term schizophrenia treatment.
Adverse effects are similar to related compounds, with increased weight gain and prolactin levels.
Efficacy and tolerability appear comparable to risperidone long-acting injection at specified flexible doses.