Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

Overview
Formation of Species01:31

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Context-dependent toxicity of human Tau isoforms in a Drosophila tauopathy model.

Biology open·2026
Same author

Resolving the Evolutionary History of Bighorn Sheep to Inform Future Management: An Answer to the California Bighorn Lineage Question.

Evolutionary applications·2026
Same author

Temporal dynamics of color polymorphism and hybridization in Colias butterflies.

Evolution; international journal of organic evolution·2026
Same author

Admixture and environment shape population genetic and phytochemical variation across a conifer hybrid zone (Juniperus, Cupressaceae).

The Journal of heredity·2026
Same author

Unexpected productivity and invasion resistance in plant communities assembled from allopatric populations.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2025
Same author

Adaptive epigenetic divergence can facilitate ecological speciation.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks
08:51

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks

Published on: May 13, 2016

Genomic consequences of multiple speciation processes in a stick insect.

Patrik Nosil1, Zach Gompert, Timothy E Farkas

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. patrik.nosil@colorado.edu

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|June 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Genomic divergence during ecological speciation is influenced by multiple factors, including geography and host plant use. This study reveals complex, yet predictable, genomic patterns in Timema stick insects.

More Related Videos

Light Sheet-based Fluorescence Microscopy of Living or Fixed and Stained Tribolium castaneum Embryos
10:15

Light Sheet-based Fluorescence Microscopy of Living or Fixed and Stained Tribolium castaneum Embryos

Published on: April 28, 2017

Dissection and Flat-mounting of the Threespine Stickleback Branchial Skeleton
08:02

Dissection and Flat-mounting of the Threespine Stickleback Branchial Skeleton

Published on: May 7, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks
08:51

Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks

Published on: May 13, 2016

Light Sheet-based Fluorescence Microscopy of Living or Fixed and Stained Tribolium castaneum Embryos
10:15

Light Sheet-based Fluorescence Microscopy of Living or Fixed and Stained Tribolium castaneum Embryos

Published on: April 28, 2017

Dissection and Flat-mounting of the Threespine Stickleback Branchial Skeleton
08:02

Dissection and Flat-mounting of the Threespine Stickleback Branchial Skeleton

Published on: May 7, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genomics
  • Speciation Research

Background:

  • Understanding genome-wide consequences of speciation processes remains a challenge.
  • Individual speciation genes are identified, but holistic genomic outcomes are less clear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various ecological and geographical factors on genomic divergence.
  • To analyze the complex genomic patterns during ecological speciation in Timema cristinae stick insects.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated ecological, spatial, and mating trial data.
  • Analyzed 86,130 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across eight populations.
  • Conducted 28 pairwise population comparisons.

Main Results:

  • Genomic divergence patterns were influenced by geographical distance, gene flow, and climate divergence.
  • Selection against maladaptive hybridization (reinforcement) also affected genomic differentiation.
  • Host plant use impacted phenotypic divergence and reproductive isolation, but had subtler genomic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Genomic data offer novel insights into the multifaceted nature of speciation.
  • Genomic divergence, while complex, exhibits predictable patterns influenced by multiple evolutionary forces.
  • Future research should utilize experimental and functional genomics to pinpoint specific regions under selection.