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Body composition in Indian patients with Crohn's disease during active and remission phase
Jaya Benjamin1, Govind Makharia, Vineet Ahuja
1Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110029, India.
Background:
The alterations in the body composition (BC) in both the active and remission phase of Crohn's disease (CD) are poorly characterized.
Objective:
To assess the BC of the patients with CD in active and remission phase, and compare with healthy controls (HC).
Methods:
BC was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis using Tanita TBF-215 leg to leg portable impedance analyzer in 123 patients with CD and 100 matched HC. Diet intake was assessed by 24 hours diet recall method.
Results:
The mean age of patients was 36.4 +/- 12.6 years and 56% were males. Patients in active phase as well as in remission phase had a lower BMI than HC (18.8 +/- 3.6 vs. 23.9 +/- 4.0; p = 0.001 and 18.8 +/- 3.6 vs. 21.6 +/- 5.0; p = 0.002). The fat mass (FM) in active phase was significantly lower than that in remission phase (8.2 +/- 5.9 vs. 13.4 +/- 10.6 kg; p = 0.005) and HC (8.2 +/- 5.9 kg vs. 14.1 +/- 7.5 kg; p = 0.001). FM did not differ between remission phase and HC. The fat free mass (FFM) of HC was significantly higher than that of both remission phase (48.9 +/- 7.4 kg vs. 43.3 +/- 10.4 kg; p = 0.001) and active phase (48.9 +/- 7.4 kg vs. 40.7 +/- 8.5 kg; p = 0.001). There was no difference in the FFM of patients in both phases; p = 0.356. The intake of macronutrients was comparable between the two phases; however lower than that of HC.
Conclusion:
Both FM and FFM were depleted in the active phase, while only FFM was deficient in the remission phase of CD, indicating a poor recovery of lean mass in remission.
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