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Related Concept Videos

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Aldehydes

Aldehydes are named based on the systematic nomenclature rules set by the IUPAC. For acyclic aldehydes, the longest carbon chain containing the aldehydic (–CHO) group is considered the parent chain. The aldehyde is named by replacing the last letter “e” in the hydrocarbon name with “al”. For instance, a simple, seven-carbon-membered acyclic aldehyde is called heptanal, derived from heptane. The carbon chain is numbered starting from the aldehydic carbon, although the aldehydic carbon’s locant...
Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview01:32

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview

Cyanohydrins are compounds that contain –CN and –OH groups on the same carbon atom. They are formed by the nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ions to the carbonyl group. Cyanide ions are highly basic and nucleophilic and can be generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. However, since HCN is a weak acid, the number of cyanide ions generated is very small. Hence, a small amount of base or KCN/NaCN is added to HCN to increase the concentration of the cyanide ions in the reaction mixture.
Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation01:19

Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation

Similar to water, alcohols can add to the carbonyl carbon of the aldehydes and ketones. The addition of one molecule of alcohol to the carbonyl compound forms the hemiacetal or half acetal. As depicted below, in a hemiacetal, the carbon is directly linked to an OH and OR group.
Types of Toxins01:36

Types of Toxins

Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation01:01

Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

Benzaldehyde, like formaldehyde, lacks an α hydrogen and cannot enolize to form an enolate. Hence, the reaction of benzaldehyde with a ketone in the presence of an aqueous base forms a single crossed product. This reaction is referred to as Claisen–Schmidt condensation.
As the self-condensation of ketones is generally not favored in basic conditions, the self-condensed products do not form in the reaction between ketones and benzaldehyde. The general reaction of Claisen–Schmidt condensation is...
Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment
06:47

Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment

Published on: September 27, 2017

Formalehyde in personal care products.

E M Jackson1

  • 1Jackson Research Associates, Inc., Bonney Lake, WA 98391, USA. bob@kalaltraining.com

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology
|June 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Personal care products containing formaldehyde may cause allergic reactions. This study re-examines formaldehyde-releasing ingredients like toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin and preservatives, including diazolidinyl urea and imidazolidinyl urea.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cosmetic Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a significant concern associated with personal care products.
  • Formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing agents are known allergens found in various consumer goods.
  • Previous assessments may not fully reflect current understanding of specific formaldehyde-releasing substances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate personal care products implicated in formaldehyde-induced allergic contact dermatitis.
  • To elucidate the chemistry of key formaldehyde-releasing ingredients.
  • To review the utilization of formaldehyde in raw materials and as preservatives in cosmetics.

Main Methods:

  • Chemical structure elucidation of toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin.

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Effects of Exposure of Formaldehyde to a Rat Model of Atopic Dermatitis Induced by Neonatal Capsaicin Treatment
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  • Review of the chemical properties of diazolidinyl urea and imidazolidinyl urea.
  • Analysis of formaldehyde release mechanisms from various cosmetic ingredients.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed chemical profiles of toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin, diazolidinyl urea, and imidazolidinyl urea were examined.
    • Understanding of formaldehyde release from these compounds has advanced.
    • Formaldehyde is incorporated into personal care products both as a raw material and via preservative systems.

    Conclusions:

    • Re-examination of formaldehyde-containing personal care products is warranted due to evolving chemical knowledge.
    • Specific ingredients like toluene sulfonamide formaldehyde resin and formaldehyde-releasing preservatives require careful consideration in ACD assessments.
    • Further research into the safe use and formulation of these ingredients is recommended.