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Related Concept Videos

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Tissue Permeability01:30

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Tissue Permeability

The drug distribution process within the human body is a complex interplay of various physicochemical properties inherent to the drugs. These properties, including molecular size, ionization degree, partition coefficient, and stereochemical nature, significantly impact how drugs permeate biological membranes to reach their target tissues.
Small molecules with a molecular weight below 500 to 600 Daltons can easily pass through the capillary membrane, gaining access to different tissues. Larger...
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models

Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
Drug Distribution: Overview01:11

Drug Distribution: Overview

Drug distribution within the body is a dynamic process involving the movement of a drug in two directions across various compartments: from the bloodstream into tissues (tissue uptake) and from tissues back into the bloodstream (tissue release or redistribution). This process is passive and primarily driven by two variables: the concentration gradient between the bloodstream and the extravascular tissues and the drug's ability to cross the cell membrane.
Initially, the free drug in the...
Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Organ Perfusion Rate01:15

Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Organ Perfusion Rate

Drug distribution within the body is a complex process influenced by several factors, including perfusion rate, the rate at which the bloodstream transports drugs to tissue. This limitation becomes particularly significant when dealing with highly lipophilic drugs. In such cases, the rate at which the drug can move across membranes is crucial, and if the membrane is highly permeable to the drug, distribution becomes rate-limited by perfusion.
Perfusion rate-limited distribution relies on the...
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting their diffusion into...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt secretion,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates
10:33

A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates

Published on: February 23, 2018

Tissue dynamics with permeation.

J Ranft1, J Prost, F Jülicher

  • 1Institut Curie (UMR 168: Institut Curie, CNRS, Université Paris VI), Paris, France.

The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter
|June 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models animal tissues as distinct cell/ECM and interstitial fluid components. It reveals how cell turnover and fluid dynamics influence tissue mechanics and movement, introducing a new characteristic length scale.

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A Method for Determination and Simulation of Permeability and Diffusion in a 3D Tissue Model in a Membrane Insert System for Multi-well Plates
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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Mechanobiology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Animal tissues comprise cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and interstitial fluid.
  • Existing models often simplify tissue dynamics to a single component.
  • Cell division and apoptosis introduce complex material turnover and mechanical stresses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend continuum tissue models by independently accounting for the cell/ECM phase and interstitial fluid.
  • To analyze the mechanical conditions arising from material turnover in tissues.
  • To investigate tissue dynamics under confinement and gravitational forces.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a two-component continuum model for tissue dynamics.
  • Treated the cell/ECM phase as an elastic solid.
  • Modeled interstitial fluid as ideal, incorporating Darcy-like friction with the cell/ECM phase.
  • Analyzed tissue behavior in a confined chamber with a permeable piston.

Main Results:

  • Introduced a new characteristic length scale due to fluid-ECM friction.
  • Calculated a rescaled effective diffusion coefficient for cells near homeostasis.
  • Identified conditions for a treadmilling steady state driven by gravitational forces.
  • Demonstrated the impact of differing mass densities on tissue dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The two-component model captures essential tissue dynamics influenced by cell turnover and fluid flow.
  • The model provides insights into tissue mechanics, including movement and diffusion.
  • Findings are relevant for understanding tissue development, homeostasis, and disease, as well as for tissue engineering applications.