Movement disorders emergencies: a review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Movement Disorders
• Medical Emergencies

Background:

• Movement disorders (MD) involve involuntary movements or impaired voluntary control.
• Some MDs present as emergencies with high morbidity and mortality risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review critical movement disorder emergencies.
• To highlight clinical presentation, demographics, diagnosis, and management strategies.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of relevant medical data.
• Focus on acute and emergent movement disorder conditions.

Main Results:

• Covered Parkinson's disease emergencies, acute drug reactions (dystonia, NMS, serotonin syndrome, malignant hyperthermia), status dystonicus, hemiballism, and stiff-person syndrome.
• Detailed clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic interventions for each condition.

Conclusions:

• Prompt recognition and management of MD emergencies are crucial.
• Understanding these conditions improves patient outcomes and reduces mortality.