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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers
10:28

Repressing Gene Transcription by Redirecting Cellular Machinery with Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers

Published on: September 20, 2018

The stability of the induced epigenetic programs.

Maria J Barrero1

  • 1Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, Aiguader 88, 7th floor, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.

Comparative and Functional Genomics
|June 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Scientists can reprogram cells, but epigenetic changes can cause issues. Understanding epigenetics is crucial for safe cell therapies and avoiding differentiation defects in lab-generated cells.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cell identity reprogramming is a significant scientific advancement.
  • Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells or transdifferentiated into other cell types.
  • Generating specific cell types in vitro holds promise for cell-based therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the epigenetic aspects of stem cells, differentiation, and reprogramming.
  • To understand how epigenetic regulators influence cell identity.
  • To discuss the importance of epigenetics for the safety of in vitro engineered cell types.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on epigenetics, stem cells, differentiation, and reprogramming.
  • Analysis of the correlation between epigenetic aberrations and differentiation defects.

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An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

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An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues
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An Integrated Platform for Genome-wide Mapping of Chromatin States Using High-throughput ChIP-sequencing in Tumor Tissues

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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
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Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

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  • Discussion of epigenetic regulators' role in shaping the epigenome.

    • Main Results:

    • Epigenetic aberrations in reprogrammed cells are linked to differentiation defects.
    • Understanding the epigenome is fundamental to anticipating potential therapeutic pitfalls.
    • Epigenetic factors are critical for the quality and safety of in vitro engineered cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Epigenetic integrity is essential for successful cell reprogramming and differentiation.
    • Further research into epigenetic regulation is necessary for advancing cell-based therapies.
    • Addressing epigenetic concerns is vital for the safe clinical application of engineered cell types.