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Updated: May 21, 2026

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing
Published on: January 22, 2019
Mechanisms of HIV Transcriptional Regulation and Their Contribution to Latency
Gillian M Schiralli Lester1, Andrew J Henderson
1Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Abstract:
Long-lived latent HIV-infected cells lead to the rebound of virus replication following antiretroviral treatment interruption and present a major barrier to eliminating HIV infection. These latent reservoirs, which include quiescent memory T cells and tissue-resident macrophages, represent a subset of cells with decreased or inactive proviral transcription. HIV proviral transcription is regulated at multiple levels including transcription initiation, polymerase recruitment, transcription elongation, and chromatin organization. How these biochemical processes are coordinated and their potential role in repressing HIV transcription along with establishing and maintaining latency are reviewed.
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