Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026
08:49
External Cephalic Version: Is it an Effective and Safe Procedure?
Published on: June 6, 2020
[Fetomaternal haemorrhage in delivery by cesarean section]
M Lubuský1, O Simetka, M Studnicková
1Porodnicko-gynekologická klinika LF UP a FN Olomouc. marek@lubusky.com
Ceska Gynekologie
|June 19, 2012
Summary
Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is typically less than 5 ml in both vaginal and cesarean deliveries, suggesting a 100 microg dose of IgG anti-D is sufficient for RhD alloimmunization prevention. Cesarean delivery does not significantly increase the risk of excessive FMH.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Immunology
- Perinatal Medicine
Context:
- Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) is a critical consideration in RhD alloimmunization prevention.
- Understanding FMH volume is essential for optimizing prophylactic guidelines.
Purpose:
- To quantify the incidence and volume of FMH in normal vaginal and cesarean section deliveries.
- To evaluate the risk factors associated with increased FMH volume.
Summary:
- A prospective cohort study of 4862 deliveries assessed FMH volume using flow cytometry.
- While cesarean delivery showed a higher incidence of FMH > 1.7 ml, it was not a significant risk factor for excessive FMH > 5 ml.
- The majority of deliveries (vaginal and cesarean) exhibited FMH < 5 ml.
Impact:
- Findings support the sufficiency of a 100 microg IgG anti-D dose for preventing RhD alloimmunization in most cases.
- This study aids in refining clinical guidelines for postpartum RhD prophylaxis.
- Provides crucial data on FMH volumes across different delivery modes.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Development of the Oral Microbiota
The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...
01:14Fetal Circulation
Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
01:07Teratogenicity
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...