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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems

Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems

Published on: March 3, 2010

Dual-function pH and oxygen phosphonated trityl probe.

Andrey A Bobko¹, Ilirian Dhimitruka, Denis A Komarov

¹Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.

Analytical Chemistry

|June 19, 2012

Summary

A novel deuterated phosphonated trityl radical (pTAM) probe allows simultaneous measurement of pH and oxygen levels using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. This dual-functionality enhances accuracy in biological sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

Chemistry
Biophysics
Medical Imaging

Background:

Triarylmethyl radicals (TAMs) are utilized as paramagnetic probes in EPR and as agents in MRI and PEDRI.
Previous work introduced dual-function pH and oxygen TAM probes by incorporating ionizable groups.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize a deuterated derivative of a phosphonated trityl radical (pTAM).
To evaluate its potential as a dual-function probe for simultaneous pH and oxygen sensing.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a deuterated phosphonated trityl radical (pTAM).
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to analyze spectral changes.
Evaluation of spectral sensitivity to pH and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2).

Main Results:

The phosphono groups confer pH sensitivity (6-8 range) with phosphorus hyperfine splitting as a marker (±0.05 accuracy).
Deuteration reduced line width (40 mG), enhancing sensitivity to pO2 (≈1 mmHg accuracy).
Independent effects of pH and pO2 on EPR spectra enable dual parameter extraction.

Conclusions:

The synthesized pTAM probe exhibits dual functionality for independent pH and oxygen measurements.
This probe offers high sensitivity and accuracy for simultaneous biological sensing applications.
Dual-functionality allows extraction of both pH and pO2 from a single EPR spectrum.