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Anthelminthic Agents01:15

Anthelminthic Agents

Anthelmintic drugs differ significantly from antiparasitic therapies targeting protozoa, primarily due to differences in parasite biology. Whereas most protozoal treatments act on proliferating cells, anthelmintics are typically directed against mature, nonproliferative helminths. The therapeutic approach considers the helminth's reliance on neuromuscular coordination, glucose metabolism, and microtubular integrity for survival, reproduction, and localization within the host. Most anthelmintics...
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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...

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Isolation And Dendritic Cell-Uptake of Small Extracellular Vesicles from Echinococcus granulosus
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Freedom from Echinococcus multilocularis: an Irish perspective.

T M Murphy1, H Wahlström, C Dold

  • 1Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Backweston Campus, Young's Cross, Celbridge, Co. Kildare, Ireland. tmmurph@eircom.net

Veterinary Parasitology
|June 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ireland remains free from Echinococcus multilocularis, a significant zoonotic disease. This finding supports the continued mandatory tapeworm treatment for dogs entering Ireland from other EU countries.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Zoonotic Disease Epidemiology
  • Wildlife Health

Background:

  • Echinococcus multilocularis is an emerging zoonotic parasite with expanding distribution in the EU.
  • Ireland, along with four other EU member states, was considered free from this parasite.
  • Previous EU regulations permitted mandatory tapeworm treatment for imported pets, but recent reviews required evidence of parasite freedom.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in Ireland.
  • To provide data supporting the continuation of mandatory tapeworm treatment for dogs entering Ireland.
  • To evaluate Ireland's freedom from Echinococcus multilocularis based on fox population surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of fox intestines for Echinococcus multilocularis using the sedimentation and counting technique.
  • Analysis of data from 2003, 2009, and 2010 fox population surveys (total 759 foxes).
  • Integration of previous study data (1999-2000, 130 foxes) and application of scenario tree modeling to estimate the probability of parasite freedom.

Main Results:

  • No evidence of Echinococcus multilocularis was detected in any of the examined fox intestines.
  • The probability of Ireland being free from Echinococcus multilocularis in 2010 was estimated to be high (0.98, 95% CI: 0.94-1.00).
  • Combined data from multiple surveys indicated a very low likelihood of parasite presence.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides strong evidence supporting Ireland's freedom from Echinococcus multilocularis.
  • The findings justify the retention of mandatory tapeworm treatment for dogs imported into Ireland from other EU member states.
  • Continued surveillance is essential to maintain the parasite-free status of Ireland.