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Related Experiment Videos

Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase: a physiological regulatory system for platelet function.

G Perona1, R Schiavon, G C Guidi

  • 1Divisione di Ematologia, University of Verona, Italy.

Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|October 22, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Selenium supplementation activates platelet glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), enhancing platelet aggregation thresholds and inhibiting thromboxane A2 (TXA2) biosynthesis. This suggests a role for selenium in preventing arterial thrombosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • The selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in human platelets scavenges peroxides from arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism.
  • This scavenging inhibits thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and lipoxygenase product biosynthesis but does not affect prostacyclin (PGI2) biosynthesis in endothelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vivo effects of activating platelet GSH-Px using selenium (Se) supplementation.
  • To investigate the impact of Se on platelet function, prostanoid biosynthesis, and bleeding time.

Main Methods:

  • Eight healthy volunteers received increased daily Se intake for 8 weeks.
  • Measurements included platelet GSH-Px activity, platelet aggregation (induced by AA and U 44069), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production, urinary TXA2 and PGI2 metabolites, platelet enzyme activities, glutathione content, adenine nucleotides, bleeding time, and plasma Se concentration.

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Main Results:

  • Selenium supplementation progressively activated platelet GSH-Px.
  • Platelet aggregation thresholds for AA increased, while U 44069-induced aggregation remained unchanged.
  • Platelet TXA2 biosynthesis was inhibited both in vitro and in vivo; systemic PGI2 biosynthesis was unaffected.
  • Bleeding time progressively increased and was not affected by aspirin.

Conclusions:

  • Se-dependent GSH-Px is a physiological regulator of prostanoid biosynthesis impacting platelet function.
  • Dietary selenium supplementation may be beneficial for preventing arterial thrombosis.