Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026
06:53
A Rat Tibial Growth Plate Injury Model to Characterize Repair Mechanisms and Evaluate Growth Plate Regeneration Strategies
Published on: July 4, 2017
Lateral spurring (overgrowth) after pediatric lateral condyle fractures
Johnatan R Pribaz1, Nicholas M Bernthal, Thalia C Wong
1UCLA/Orthopaedic Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics
|June 19, 2012
Summary
Lateral spurring is common after pediatric humerus fractures but does not affect elbow function. This bony overgrowth correlates with initial fracture displacement and treatment type.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Traumatology
- Radiology
Background:
- Lateral spurring, a bony overgrowth on the lateral condyle, frequently occurs after pediatric lateral condyle humerus fractures.
- Previous studies have not defined this phenomenon, its incidence, or its functional significance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define lateral spurring after pediatric lateral condyle humerus fractures.
- To determine its incidence and correlation with fracture/treatment characteristics.
- To assess its impact on functional outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 212 pediatric lateral condyle humerus fractures.
- Definition of spurring and classification of its magnitude.
- Measurement of initial displacement and final range of motion.
Main Results:
- Lateral spurring developed in 73% of fractures.
- Spur development correlated with initial fracture displacement (P<0.0001).
- Neither the presence nor size of the spur affected elbow range of motion (P=0.4).
Conclusions:
- Lateral spurring is a highly prevalent outcome of pediatric lateral condyle humerus fractures.
- Spur development is linked to initial displacement and surgical intervention.
- The presence and size of lateral spurs do not appear to compromise final elbow function.
Related Concept Videos
01:09Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
01:07Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
01:27Fractures: Bone Repair
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
01:24Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
01:09Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
01:10Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula
The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...