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Risk of HIV Infection and Lethality Are Decreased in CCR5del32 Heterozygotes: Focus Nosocomial Infection Study and
S A Borinskaya1, Zh M Kozhekbaeva, A V Zalesov
1Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Acta Naturae
|June 19, 2012
Summary
The CCR5-delta32 gene deletion offers protection against HIV infection. Even in a heterozygous state, this CCR5 variant significantly reduces HIV infection risk and mortality, confirmed by a large meta-analysis.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The CCR5-delta32 homozygous deletion in the chemokine receptor R5 gene confers near-complete protection against HIV infection.
- Data on the protective effect of CCR5-delta32 heterozygosity against HIV has been inconsistent.
Purpose of the Study:
- To clarify the protective role of the CCR5-delta32 allele in heterozygous individuals against HIV infection.
- To assess the impact of CCR5-delta32 heterozygosity on HIV infection risk and disease progression.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis was conducted on data from 25 published articles, including 5,963 HIV-infected individuals and 5,048 controls.
- The frequency of the CCR5-delta32 allele was compared between HIV-infected cohorts and control groups across different ethnic populations.
- Mortality rates in heterozygotes versus wild-type homozygotes post-HIV infection were analyzed.
Main Results:
- The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant protective effect of the CCR5-delta32 allele in heterozygotes against HIV infection (OR=1.22).
- Heterozygotes (CCR5 wt/del32) exhibited at least a 13% lower risk of HIV infection compared to wild-type homozygotes (CCR5 wt/wt).
- A trend towards a 40% lower mortality rate was observed in heterozygotes 15 years post-infection, though not statistically significant in the initial study group.
Conclusions:
- The CCR5-delta32 allele provides a protective effect against HIV infection, even in heterozygous individuals.
- The heterozygous state of CCR5-delta32 is associated with a reduced risk of acquiring HIV infection.
- Further research is warranted to confirm the impact of CCR5-delta32 heterozygosity on HIV disease progression and mortality across diverse ethnic groups.
Keywords:
HIValleleCCR5del32chemokine receptor geneinfection risklethality riskmeta-analysisnosocomial infectionMore Related Videos
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