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Related Concept Videos

Pain01:20

Pain

Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance01:24

Primary Motives: Sleep, Sex, and Pain Avoidance

Primary motives such as sleep, sex, and pain avoidance are crucial drivers of behavior in humans and animals. These motives ensure survival, reproductive success, and overall well-being by prompting actions that meet essential bodily needs.
Sleep is a fundamental physiological drive that fosters a state of restfulness crucial for several bodily functions. It facilitates body restoration, the process by which the body repairs, rejuvenates, and maintains itself during sleep, including memory...
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Quantifying Pain Location and Intensity with Multimodal Pain Body Diagrams
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Quantifying Pain Location and Intensity with Multimodal Pain Body Diagrams

Published on: July 7, 2023

[Global understanding of pain].

Minoru Narita1, Daigo Ikegami, Akira Yamashita

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan. narita@hoshi.ac.jp

Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi = Japanese Journal of Psychopharmacology
|June 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Chronic pain, especially neuropathic pain, significantly impacts mental health and quality of life. This review examines transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-transcriptional research to better understand pain mechanisms and treatments.

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Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery
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Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Quantifying Pain Location and Intensity with Multimodal Pain Body Diagrams
09:00

Quantifying Pain Location and Intensity with Multimodal Pain Body Diagrams

Published on: July 7, 2023

Multi-Modal Signals for Analyzing Pain Responses to Thermal and Electrical Stimuli
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Multi-Modal Signals for Analyzing Pain Responses to Thermal and Electrical Stimuli

Published on: April 5, 2019

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery
09:38

Determining Pain Detection and Tolerance Thresholds Using an Integrated, Multi-Modal Pain Task Battery

Published on: April 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pain Research

Context:

  • Chronic pain conditions, including neuropathic pain, are prevalent and debilitating.
  • Neuropathic pain presents unique challenges due to its complex pathophysiology, involving spontaneous burning pain, hyperalgesia, and allodynia.
  • Current understanding of neuropathic pain mechanisms remains incomplete, hindering effective clinical management.

Purpose:

  • To review current research on the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain.
  • To explore the roles of transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-transcriptional regulation in pain mechanisms.
  • To highlight the necessity of integrating these molecular insights with phenomic data for a comprehensive understanding of pain.

Summary:

  • This review synthesizes recent findings in pain research, focusing on molecular mechanisms.
  • It examines transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-transcriptional processes implicated in chronic and neuropathic pain.
  • The importance of correlating these molecular events with phenomic data for a holistic view of pain is emphasized.

Impact:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge pain research.
  • Offers insights into potential novel therapeutic targets for neuropathic pain management.
  • Facilitates a deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of chronic pain conditions.