Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
Published on: January 19, 2019
All humanity is my ingroup: a measure and studies of identification with all humanity
Sam McFarland1, Matthew Webb, Derek Brown
1Department of Psychology, 1906 College Heights Boulevard, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1030, USA. sam.mcfarland@wku.edu
Abstract:
To psychologists Adler (1927/1954) and Maslow (1954), fully mature individuals care deeply for all humanity, not just for their own ingroups. This paper reports a series of studies with a new measure of that caring, the Identification With All Humanity Scale (IWAH). These studies together show that identification with all humanity is more than an absence of ethnocentrism and its correlates and more than the presence of dispositional empathy, moral reasoning, moral identity, and the value of universalism. Across these studies, the IWAH predicted concern for global human rights and humanitarian needs (Studies 1 and 2), was temporally stable (Study 3), and correlated with how close others see one as being (Study 4). The IWAH strongly distinguished members of 2 known groups from a general adult sample (Study 5). It predicted valuing the lives of ingroup and outgroup members equally (Study 7), knowledge of global humanitarian concerns (Study 8) and choosing to learn about these concerns (Study 9), and a willingness to contribute to international humanitarian relief (Study 10). In regression analyses, it predicted these results beyond related constructs. Although psychologists have focused extensively upon negative qualities such as ethnocentrism and its roots, we suggest that the positive quality of identification with all humanity also merits extensive study.
More Related Videos
06:42Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
Published on: September 28, 2018
11:13The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test
Published on: November 19, 2015
Related Concept Videos
In- and Out-Groups
Social Identity
Personal Identity
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
Deindividuation