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[Ogilvie's syndrome].

M Migliore1, F Basile, C Sapienza

  • 1Istituto di II Patologia Chirurgica, Università di Catania.

Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
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Ogilvie syndrome, a colonic distension without obstruction, presents with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Surgical intervention for this condition carries a higher mortality rate than conservative treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Colorectal Surgery

Background:

  • Ogilvie syndrome is characterized by acute colonic distension without mechanical obstruction.
  • The exact physiopathology of Ogilvie syndrome remains unknown.

Observation:

  • This report details two new cases of Ogilvie syndrome treated surgically, alongside a literature review of 486 cases.
  • Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
  • Colonic perforation is a risk, particularly when the colon diameter reaches 9-12 cm.

Findings:

  • Conservative treatment (medical or endoscopic) had a mortality rate of 11.3% in 290 patients.
  • Surgical treatment in 196 patients resulted in a higher mortality rate of 28.5%.
  • Tube cecostomy is identified as the optimal surgical approach.

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Implications:

  • Early diagnosis using abdominal X-rays is crucial; barium enemas require careful administration.
  • While conservative management is preferred, surgical intervention may be necessary.
  • Understanding treatment outcomes is vital for managing Ogilvie syndrome effectively.