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Updated: May 21, 2026

Using Inducible Osteoblastic Lineage-Specific Stat3 Knockout Mice to Study Alveolar Bone Remodeling During Orthodontic Tooth Movement
Published on: July 21, 2023
Correlations between alveolar bone microstructure and bone turnover markers in pre- and post-menopausal women
Emi Yamashita-Mikami1, Mikako Tanaka, Naoki Sakurai
1Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Objective:
Alveolar cancellous bone biopsy samples were extracted during dental implant preparation for investigating microstructural changes due to menopause and relationships between these changes and bone turnover markers.
Study Design:
Subjects were 18 women receiving mandibular implants: premenopausal (n = 5), early postmenopausal (≤5 years; n = 3), and late postmenopausal (>5 years; n = 10). Bone turnover markers were measured and the samples analyzed using microscopic computerized tomography and 3-dimensional bone morphometry.
Results:
The alveolar bone volume was significantly less in late postmenopausal women than in premenopausal ones. The trabeculae in early postmenopausal women were more separated and rod-like than in premenopausal ones (P < .05). Each alveolar bone parameter was significantly (P < .05) related to at least 1 bone turnover marker.
Conclusions:
Alveolar cancellous bone structure begins changing even in early postmenopausal women, and this structure varies in close relationship to bone turnover markers.
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