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Syntactic and morphosyntactic processing in stroke-induced and primary progressive aphasia.

Cynthia K Thompson1, Aya Meltzer-Asscher, Soojin Cho

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|June 21, 2012
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Summary

Agrammatism in primary progressive aphasia (PPA-G) and stroke (StrAg) causes similar syntactic and morphosyntactic deficits, impacting sentence processing and verb inflection. Logopenic (PPA-L) and anomic (StrAn) aphasia show different language profiles.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) presents with agrammatic (PPA-G) and logopenic (PPA-L) variants.
  • Stroke-induced aphasia includes agrammatic (StrAg) and anomic (StrAn) types.
  • Understanding the linguistic profiles of these aphasia types is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate syntactic and morphosyntactic processing in individuals with PPA-G, PPA-L, StrAg, and StrAn.
  • To compare comprehension and production of sentence structures and verb forms across these groups.
  • To identify characteristic language deficits associated with agrammatism.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted using constrained tasks and spontaneous narrative analysis.
  • The Northwestern Assessment of Verbs and Sentences (NAVS) and Northwestern Assessment of Verb Inflection (NAVI) were utilized.
  • Measures included sentence comprehension/production, verb inflection accuracy, and narrative linguistic features.

Main Results:

  • Agrammatic groups (PPA-G, StrAg) showed impaired noncanonical sentence processing and tensed verb production.
  • Spontaneous speech in agrammatic groups had fewer grammatical sentences and more nouns than verbs.
  • Logopenic (PPA-L) and anomic (StrAn) groups performed significantly better, lacking these specific deficits.

Conclusions:

  • Agrammatism, regardless of cause (degenerative or stroke), is linked to specific syntactic and morphosyntactic processing deficits.
  • Linguistically informed assessments and narrative analyses are recommended for evaluating PPA variants.
  • Findings contribute to differentiating language impairments across various PPA subtypes.