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Macroscopic coherent rectification in Andreev interferometers.

Jonathan Meair1, Philippe Jacquod

  • 1Physics Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|June 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Superconductivity in quantum conductors creates a significant electrical rectification effect. This nonlinear transport phenomenon, observed in Andreev interferometers, can be controlled by magnetic flux, breaking conventional physics relations.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Transport Phenomena
  • Superconductivity

Background:

  • Investigating nonlinear electrical transport in quantum coherent metallic conductors is crucial for understanding advanced electronic devices.
  • The interplay between superconductivity and quantum transport can lead to exotic phenomena not observed in classical systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore nonlinear transport in metallic conductors coupled to superconducting components.
  • To identify and characterize rectification effects arising from superconductivity.
  • To investigate the control and properties of rectification in specific superconducting geometries like Andreev interferometers.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation of nonlinear transport.
  • Analysis of quantum coherent metallic conductors interfaced with superconductors.
  • Modeling of Andreev interferometers with tunable superconducting phase differences.

Main Results:

  • A large, finite-average rectification effect is generated by superconductivity in specific geometries.
  • Rectification direction and magnitude are controllable via magnetic flux, tuning the superconducting phase difference.
  • An Onsager reciprocity relation is shown to break down at finite bias due to this effect.
  • The rectification current is macroscopic, scaling with linear conductance and exceeding 5% of the linear current at sub-gap biases.

Conclusions:

  • Superconductivity can induce significant, controllable nonlinear transport and rectification in quantum coherent conductors.
  • Andreev interferometers offer a platform to manipulate and observe these rectification effects.
  • The findings challenge conventional transport relations and open avenues for novel superconducting electronic functionalities.