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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Laboratory diagnostics for hepatitis C virus infection.

Saleem Kamili1, Jan Drobeniuc, Aufra C Araujo

  • 1Division of Viral Hepatitis, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. skamili@cdc.gov

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|June 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Detecting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is challenging, as current tests often cannot distinguish between active and resolved cases. New antigen tests show promise for diagnosing active HCV infection, but acute diagnoses remain difficult.

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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA
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Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
10:25

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Published on: February 19, 2019

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA
04:11

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus DNA

Published on: December 15, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection diagnosis relies on detecting anti-HCV immunoglobulin G (IgG) via immunoassays, immunoblot assays, and rapid immunochromatography tests.
  • Current serological methods cannot differentiate between active and resolved HCV infections.
  • Hepatitis C virus RNA detection identifies active infection but is expensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate novel serologic assays for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigens.
  • To assess the potential of these new assays in diagnosing active HCV infection.
  • To address the diagnostic challenges in identifying acute HCV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Development and evaluation of serologic assays targeting hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigens.
  • Performance characteristic assessment of the developed HCV antigen assays.
  • Comparison with existing serological and RNA detection methods for HCV.

Main Results:

  • Serologic assays for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigens have been developed.
  • These assays demonstrate potential for diagnosing active HCV infection.
  • Further evaluation of their performance characteristics is ongoing.

Conclusions:

  • Novel serologic assays for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigens offer potential for active infection diagnosis.
  • Distinguishing active from resolved HCV infection remains a challenge with current serological methods.
  • Diagnosing acute HCV infection without seroconversion evidence is still elusive.