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Related Concept Videos

Stability01:28

Stability

The time response of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system can be divided into transient and steady-state responses. The transient response represents the system's initial reaction to a change in input and diminishes to zero over time. In contrast, the steady-state response is the behavior that persists after the transient effects have faded.
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
Migration00:53

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
Current Trends in Nursing II01:30

Current Trends in Nursing II

Trends in nursing are multifactorial and associated with changes in society, within the nursing profession, and in other professions. Notably, telehealth and remote nursing contribute to successful healthcare delivery for numerous patients and help reduce stress for nurses due to nursing shortages. Nurses can reach patients, monitor their conditions, and interact with them using computers, audio, visual accessories, and telephones—for example, remote patient monitoring systems. Likewise,...
Quality Assurance01:19

Quality Assurance

Quality assurance is the overarching term used to describe the activities employed to ensure the proper performance of a system. These activities can be classified into three categories: quality control, quality assessment, and internal corrective measures. Typically, these activities work cyclically: quality control is performed before and during the analysis, while quality assessment occurs during and after the investigation. Internal corrective measures are implemented based on the findings...

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Related Experiment Videos

Updating: learning versus supposing.

Jiaying Zhao1, Vincenzo Crupi, Katya Tentori

  • 1Department of Psychology, Princeton University, United States. jiayingz@princeton.edu

Cognition
|June 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Bayesian Probability Theory

Background:

  • Bayesian orthodoxy links conditional probability with belief updating.
  • The standard view suggests learning new information B updates belief in A to P(A|B).

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate if human judgment aligns with Bayesian updating principles.
  • Compare how people assess probability of A when supposing B versus learning B.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted.
  • Participants evaluated the probability of event A under different conditions related to event B.

Main Results:

  • Observed significant discrepancies between conditional probability and belief updating.
  • Supposing event B had less impact on belief in A than learning B was true.

Conclusions:

  • Ordinary judgment deviates from Bayesian orthodoxy in belief updating.
  • The impact of information on belief depends on how it is presented (supposition vs. learning).