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Related Experiment Videos

Type A behavior, personality, and sympathetic response.

J H Howard1, P A Rechnitzer, D A Cunningham

  • 1University of Western Ontario, Canada, London.

Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Type A individuals with high dependence needs exhibit heightened stress responses. This includes elevated heart rates and increased catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine) during stressors and daily work, suggesting a link to coronary disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Psychophysiology
  • Personality Psychology
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Type A behavior is linked to increased coronary heart disease risk.
  • Individual differences in personality traits may moderate stress responses.
  • Understanding these moderators is crucial for predicting cardiovascular outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how dependence/independence moderates hemodynamic and catecholaminergic responses in Type A individuals under stress.
  • To examine these effects during both acute stressors and a typical workday.
  • To explore the implications for the relationship between Type A behavior and coronary disease.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed hemodynamic (heart rate) and catecholaminergic (epinephrine, norepinephrine) responses.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Exposed Type A individuals to mental and physical stressors.
  • Monitored responses during a typical workday.
  • Measured personality traits, specifically dependence/independence.

    • Main Results:

    • Under mental stress, dependent Type As showed elevated heart rates and epinephrine.
    • Under physical stress, dependent Type As exhibited elevated heart rates and norepinephrine.
    • During a typical workday, dependent Type As had higher urinary catecholamines and mean daily heart rates.
    • Findings indicate a greater sympathetic-adrenal response in dependent Type As.

    Conclusions:

    • Personality trait dependence/independence significantly moderates stress responses in Type A individuals.
    • Inconsistent personality and behavior may amplify the association between Type A behavior and coronary disease.
    • Greater sympathetic-adrenal activation in dependent Type As suggests a potential mechanism for increased cardiovascular risk.