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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:28

Mitral Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a condition where the mitral valve does not close properly, leading to the backward flow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during systole. This condition can arise from various causes, including rheumatic fever, infective endocarditis, or degenerative valve disease. Effective nursing management is crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and involves comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed...

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A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

Outcome after mitral valve operations with depressed left ventricular function.

Jack A T C Parker1, Lieven N Kennes, Jeremie Ruckert

  • 1Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Mainz, Germany. jparker@ukaachen.de

Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals
|June 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitral valve surgery in patients with severe heart failure and cardiomyopathy showed low mortality and improved heart function. This study highlights the benefits of surgical intervention for high-risk cardiac patients.

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Reduction in Left Ventricular Wall Stress and Improvement in Function in Failing Hearts using Algisyl-LVR
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Reduction in Left Ventricular Wall Stress and Improvement in Function in Failing Hearts using Algisyl-LVR

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Reduction in Left Ventricular Wall Stress and Improvement in Function in Failing Hearts using Algisyl-LVR
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Reduction in Left Ventricular Wall Stress and Improvement in Function in Failing Hearts using Algisyl-LVR

Published on: April 8, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Heart Failure Management

Background:

  • Severe mitral valve incompetence and end-stage cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction <30%) present significant therapeutic challenges.
  • Patients often have high operative risk, necessitating careful evaluation of surgical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of mitral valve surgery in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and end-stage cardiomyopathy.
  • To assess perioperative and midterm outcomes, including mortality, functional status, and ventricular function.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective investigation of 42 patients (mean age 67 years) with severe mitral valve incompetence and ejection fraction <30%.
  • Patients underwent either mitral valve repair (n=25) or replacement (n=17).
  • Data collected included etiology, New York Heart Association class, logistic EuroSCORE, and follow-up duration (mean 44.52 months).

Main Results:

  • No perioperative deaths occurred; 30-day mortality was 7.14%, significantly lower than predicted by EuroSCORE (33.41%).
  • Median functional class improved from 3 to 2 postoperatively.
  • Ejection fraction improved from 24% to 42% at 6 weeks, with a sustained improvement to 33% long-term.
  • Midterm survival rate was 86% at 1 year and 81% at 2 years.
  • Freedom from reoperation at 2 years was 85%.

Conclusions:

  • Mitral valve surgery is a viable and successful option for carefully selected patients with end-stage cardiomyopathy and severe mitral regurgitation.
  • The procedure offers substantial clinical improvement, moderate recovery of left ventricular function, and acceptable mortality rates despite high-risk profiles.
  • These findings support the consideration of mitral valve surgery to improve outcomes in this challenging patient population.