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Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
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Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
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Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
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The Application Of Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Ligation in the Mouse
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Published on: July 25, 2011

Lysyl oxidase polymorphisms and ischemic stroke--a case control study.

Hai-Feng Zhang1, Kai-Jun Zhao, Yi Xu

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200433, China.

Molecular Biology Reports
|June 23, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic variations in the Lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene are linked to increased risk of ischemic stroke in the Chinese population. Specifically, the LOX 473G/A polymorphism may serve as a novel risk factor for this condition.

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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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Published on: August 18, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability globally.
  • Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is vital for extracellular matrix stability and vascular remodeling, processes implicated in stroke pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify polymorphisms in the Lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene.
  • To investigate the association between LOX gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to ischemic stroke in the Chinese population.

Main Methods:

  • Genomic DNA sequencing identified LOX gene polymorphisms in control subjects.
  • Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) genotyped 702 ischemic stroke cases and 733 controls.
  • Chi-square tests analyzed the association between polymorphisms and stroke risk.

Main Results:

  • Two LOX gene polymorphisms, 473G/A (rs1800449) and rs2278226, were identified in the Chinese population.
  • The 473AA genotype and A allele frequencies were significantly higher in ischemic stroke patients.
  • The AC haplotype was also significantly more prevalent in ischemic stroke cases.

Conclusions:

  • The G473A polymorphism in the Lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene is associated with increased ischemic stroke susceptibility.
  • LOX gene variations may represent a novel risk factor for ischemic stroke in the Chinese population.