[New minimally invasive surgical techniques in spinal surgery]

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery and Orthopedic Surgery
• Minimally Invasive Spinal Techniques

Background:

• Spine surgery has seen major advancements in the last decade, focusing on minimal access, atraumatic procedures.
• Technological integration, including neuronavigation and advanced imaging (CT, MRI), has enhanced surgical precision and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and establish new developments in minimal invasive spine surgery.
• To present novel surgical techniques developed and applied at the National Institute of Neurosurgery.

Main Methods:

• Application of advanced technologies like neuronavigation, surgical microscopes, and intraoperative imaging.
• Utilizing a range of innovative minimal invasive approaches: split laminotomy, 'archbone' technique, 'over the top' decompression, multilevel hemi-semi laminectomy, supraforaminal 'burr hole', 'open tunnel' techniques, and parasplit approaches.
• Development and application of a classification system for spatial localization of spinal canal lesions.

Main Results:

• Significantly reduced short and long-term complications with improved operational effectiveness.
• Successful decompression of neural elements and removal of intramedullary and extramedullary lesions.
• Preservation of spinal column integrity and stability while minimizing tissue injury.

Conclusions:

• Novel minimal invasive spine surgery techniques effectively treat spinal canal stenosis and space-occupying lesions.
• The developed classification system aids in selecting appropriate dorsal minimal invasive approaches.
• These innovative, internationally recognized techniques are recommended for daily spine surgery practice.