Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
Forces Acting on Chromosomes02:11

Forces Acting on Chromosomes

During mitosis, chromosome movements occur through the interplay of multiple piconewton level forces. In prometaphase, these forces help in chromosome assembly or congression at the equatorial plane, eventually leading to their alignment at the metaphase plate. The forces acting on the chromosomes are space and time-dependent; therefore, they vary with the position of the chromosomes as the cell progresses through mitosis. 
Microtubules and motor proteins exert two types of forces on...
Studying the Cytoskeleton01:17

Studying the Cytoskeleton

The cytoskeletal architecture can be studied using different microscopic and biochemical techniques. Electron microscopy was instrumental in discovering the cytoskeletal architecture around the 1960s, which allowed obtaining structural information at a high-resolution level. However, the sample preparation procedure often limits this ability in biological samples. Several protocols have been developed over the years to optimize sample preparation. In one of the protocols known as rotary...
Anaphase A and B01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sequence-Derived and Molecular Descriptors for Interpretable Modeling of Molecular Systems: Insights from Peptide Hemolysis.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026
Same author

Once yearly cell-based therapy for sustained and dose tunable delivery of monoclonal antibodies.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Cooperative membrane association as a mechanistic origin of synergistic antimicrobial peptide activity.

RSC chemical biology·2026
Same author

Stochastic modeling of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation.

Biophysical journal·2026
Same author

Unraveling discrimination strategies in biological error-correction networks.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Collective RNAP Dynamics Link Transcriptional Strength to Fidelity.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles
07:47

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles

Published on: May 10, 2022

How the interplay between mechanical and nonmechanical interactions affects multiple kinesin dynamics.

Karthik Uppulury1, Artem K Efremov, Jonathan W Driver

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|June 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Motor proteins like kinesins use nonmechanical interactions to cooperate during intracellular transport. These interactions significantly impact collective motor velocity and detachment rates, especially under load.

More Related Videos

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation
08:09

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation

Published on: October 15, 2019

Motility of Single Molecules and Clusters of Bi-Directional Kinesin-5 Cin8 Purified from S. cerevisiae Cells
10:46

Motility of Single Molecules and Clusters of Bi-Directional Kinesin-5 Cin8 Purified from S. cerevisiae Cells

Published on: February 2, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles
07:47

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles

Published on: May 10, 2022

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation
08:09

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation

Published on: October 15, 2019

Motility of Single Molecules and Clusters of Bi-Directional Kinesin-5 Cin8 Purified from S. cerevisiae Cells
10:46

Motility of Single Molecules and Clusters of Bi-Directional Kinesin-5 Cin8 Purified from S. cerevisiae Cells

Published on: February 2, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Motors

Background:

  • Motor proteins, such as kinesins, are crucial for intracellular transport, often working collectively on the same cargo.
  • Existing models explain collective motor behavior through mechanical load sharing, but often neglect nonmechanical interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a new stochastic model investigating the influence of nonmechanical interactions on collective kinesin function.
  • To explore how these interactions affect motor binding, stepping, and detachment dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel stochastic model incorporating short-range nonmechanical potentials between kinesins.
  • Simulation of kinesin behavior under varying load conditions and interaction strengths.

Main Results:

  • Weak nonmechanical interactions (~2 k(B)T) significantly influence collective motor velocities and detachment rates.
  • These effects are most pronounced when motors transport cargo against loads exceeding single-motor stalling forces.
  • Model predictions align with experimental observations from optical trapping studies.

Conclusions:

  • Nonmechanical interactions play a vital role in modulating collective motor functions, complementing mechanical coupling.
  • The collective behavior of multiple motor systems is interdependent, with load-dependent configurations influencing interaction effects.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to comprehending motor protein cooperation in cellular processes.