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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion using Osmotic Pumps Induces Aortic Aneurysms in Mice
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Published on: September 28, 2015

Mast cells in abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Guo-Ping Shi1, Jes S Lindholt

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. gshi@rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Current Vascular Pharmacology
|June 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Mast cells (MCs) drive abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by releasing mediators that degrade the aorta. Inhibiting MCs or their proteases effectively reduced AAA growth in animal models, suggesting new therapeutic targets.

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Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays
11:31

Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays

Published on: July 4, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Mast cells (MCs) are proinflammatory cells implicated in various diseases.
  • While MCs are studied in atherosclerosis, their role in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is recently recognized.
  • MCs release numerous mediators that promote vascular damage and inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
  • To identify specific mast cell-derived molecules contributing to AAA development.
  • To explore the potential of targeting mast cells for AAA treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized experimental animal AAA models and mast cell reconstitution techniques.
  • Examined the effects of genetic mast cell deficiency and pharmacological inhibition of MC degranulation.
  • Assessed the impact of inhibiting mast cell-specific proteases (chymase and tryptase).

Main Results:

  • Genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of mast cells significantly attenuated experimental AAA growth.
  • Absence or inhibition of mast cell-specific chymase and tryptase effectively reduced AAA progression.
  • Human studies show systemic levels of MC proteases correlate with AAA growth rate and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cells play a critical, direct role in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
  • Mast cell-derived proteases are key mediators of AAA development and progression.
  • Targeting mast cells or their proteases presents a promising therapeutic strategy for AAA.