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Cytogenetic studies in Hodgkin's disease
P R Kadam1, S H Advani, A N Bhisey
1Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Bombay.
The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|October 1, 1990
Summary
Cytogenetic analysis of Hodgkin's disease reveals chromosomal abnormalities in bone marrow cells of untreated patients. These bone marrow changes, including trisomy 8 and 21, can indicate disease presence even without hematological signs.
Area of Science:
- Cytogenetics
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Hodgkin's disease is a cancer of the lymphatic system.
- Accurate staging and detection of bone marrow involvement are crucial for treatment planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate chromosomal abnormalities in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells of Hodgkin's disease patients.
- To determine if cytogenetic analysis can detect subclinical bone marrow involvement.
Main Methods:
- G-banding technique applied to bone marrow cells, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and skin fibroblasts.
- Analysis of 24 newly diagnosed, untreated patients and 25 treated patients.
- Comparison of cytogenetic findings with hematological parameters.
Main Results:
- 10 out of 24 untreated patients showed chromosomally aberrant bone marrow cells, with frequent trisomy C/8 and trisomy 22.
- Peripheral blood lymphocytes showed abnormalities (trisomy 21) in 4 patients, while skin fibroblasts were normal.
- Treated patients exhibited altered karyotypes in bone marrow, including monosomy C, monosomy D/15, and trisomy 21.
- Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in bone marrow even in patients without hematological evidence of involvement.
Conclusions:
- Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow is a sensitive method for detecting Hodgkin's disease involvement.
- Early detection of marrow involvement through chromosomal analysis can aid in treatment decisions.
- Peripheral blood lymphocyte and skin fibroblast studies showed less frequent abnormalities compared to bone marrow.